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Chama Cha Mapinduzi

Chama Cha Mapinduzi is the ruling political party of Tanzania and one of Africa's longest-serving governing parties. The name translates from Swahili as "Party of the Revolution". It was formed in 1977 through the merger of the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU), which had led mainland Tanganyika to independence, and the Afro-Shirazi Party of Zanzibar. The party has maintained continuous control of Tanzania's government since the country's independence in 1961, first through TANU and then through Chama Cha Mapinduzi after the merger. It operates under a socialist-oriented ideology, though economic policies have liberalised significantly since the 1980s. The party's structure extends from the national level down to village cells, giving it deep organisational reach across Tanzania. Chama Cha Mapinduzi holds a dominant position in Tanzania's parliament and controls the presidency, though it has faced growing electoral challenges from opposition parties in recent years. The party's governance record and approach to political competition have drawn scrutiny from civil-society organisations and international observers. Its longevity and institutional strength make it a significant force in East African politics and a key player in regional bodies including the East African Community and the Southern African Development Community.

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