PALLO JORDAN'S OPENING REMARKS ON BUDGET DEBATE ON TOURISM
Tourism probably has the best potential of all economic sectors in the
country to contribute to sustainable economic growth. The reasons for this
are:
1. The tourism sector has a real comparative advantage because tourism
capitalises on the natural and cultural diversity of the country and offers
a product that is in high demand in industrialised countries, namely
natural beauty, adventure, cultural diversity and ultimate escape from the
pressures of urban existence.. World-wide, people spend more than R500
billion per annum on such services. There is an acknowledged trend in
world tourism towards experience and exploration and South Africa is well
endowed to capitalise on this.
2.Tourism has demonstrated consistent growth. The proof of tourism's
comparative advantage lies in its consistent growth during the past 4 to 5
years. After the democratic elections, new benchmarks were set and during
1995, a growth of 22% in foreign tourism was experienced, with
a 52% growth from lucrative overseas markets, and a 12% growth from the
continent. No other sector of the economy has been able to grow at these
rates.
The past year, since my appointment of Minister of Environmental Affairs
and Tourism, has been a very eventful one from a tourism perspective. When
I took over as Minister in July last year, I was faced with the challenges
of implementing the policy directives contained in a brand new White Paper
on Tourism adopted by Parliament during June. I am glad to report that
very substantial progress has been made in piloting a situation where
tourism is set to become a major economic force that tangibly benefits the
people of South Africa. Before I came to specifics in this regard I wish
to touch on the performance and state of the Tourism sector.
Travel and tourism has no doubt been one of the most consistent and highest
growth sectors in the economy. The sector strongly compliments the GEAR
strategy and can be a major GEAR stimulus. This statement is based on the
comparative advantage offered by our natural and cultural resource base,
the fact that our tourism attractions compliment world trends, the ability
of the sector to attract substantial private sector investment, its ability
to stimulate SMME development, the labour intensive nature of the sector,
its potential to act as a catalyst for major infrastructure investment and
its value as a non-primary export earner.
The tourism sector has been in an expansion phase for the past 9 years and
has grown beyond expectations since the democratic general elections. The
average annual growth rate in international arrivals during the past 3
years (i.e. Since the 1994 elections) was 16% (from 3,7million to 4,9
million), representing an average annual increase of 11% in arrivals from
the African continent (from 2,9 million to 3,6 million) and a stunning 29%
per annum from our lucrative overseas markets (from 704 000 to 1,17
million). This is not a "flash in the pan" - if we take it further back,
comparative growth rates for the period 1992 - 1996(i.e. 5 years) remains
at 16% per annum, with overseas arrivals growing at 20% per annum and those
from Africa at 14%. These trends clearly demonstrate that tourism is a
sustainable, high growth sector and that arrivals from our lucrative
overseas markets are growing steadily.
Conservatively calculated, the figures imply that, during the past 5 years,
tourism has earned an additional R5, 5 billion in foreign exchange, created
approximately 200 000 new jobs and raised its contribution to the GDP from
3% to an estimated 4,5%.
In addition an estimated 17 million domestic tourism trips were undertaken
by South Africans during 1996, increasing at a rate of approximately 2,5%
per annum. This translates into tourist expenditure of approximately R26,
8 billion, of which domestic and international tourists contributed
approximately R14, 8 billion, and R12, 5 billion respectively. Based on
international norms these figures imply that it provides between 500 000
and 600 000 direct and indirect jobs. The Australians have just completed
a study conclusively demonstrating that tourism generates 1 out of every 9
jobs in that country and contributes more than 10% to the GDP.
The good performance of the sector could be attributed to the diversity of
attractions and unique selling features; well-developed core tourism
infrastructure that has been able to absorb and accommodate high growth;
largely deregulated commercial enterprise, competitive airspace policy; and
relatively good value for money owing to the devaluation of the rand.
We are in urgent need of a clear product branding and fresh marketing
strategy; improved international promotion coverage and funding to achieve
this; diversification of our product base to reflect the totality of South
Africa and spread ownership to all our people; improved access tourism
activity in areas that were disadvantaged due to past policies; improved
institutional capacity and co-ordination at all tiers; improved service
ethic and culture; provision of skilled manpower; and lastly, improved
perception of safety.
To constructively address these challenges, the department is currently
finalising an action programme for tourism development, for the period 1997
- 2000. The programme is the product of wide consultation with our
colleagues in other ministries, provincial partners, the business sector
and various other interest groups. Its underlying premise is that tourism
should be government led, private sector driven and community-based.
Our vision as contained in the programme is that a globally competitive
South African tourism industry will become a lead sector within the
national economic strategy, and a major force in the growth and
reconstruction efforts of the government. To achieve this vision, the
following growth targets were set for the next 3 years:
The overall goal is to increase the contribution of the tourism sector from
4,5% to 8% of the GDP by 2000 and the following specific growth targets
pertain:
- To increase tourism foreign exchange earnings at an average growth
rate of 15 % per annum, from R12,5 billion per annum to R23 billion per
annum
- To increase tourism arrivals from overseas by an average rate of
17% per annum to 2,2 million from the continent by 6% per annum to 4,8
million and domestic holiday trips by 2,5% to 19 5000 trips per annum.
- To increase sustainable employment opportunities in the sector from
550 000 to 860 000.
The following strategies will underpin the achievement of the targets set:
- Adopting a fresh, strategic and professional approach to promotion
and marketing that will focus:
- On growing, high-yield international markets with an average spend
per visitor in excess of R 7 000(1996 prices) and will highlight the
totality of South Africa's natural, cultural and historical riches.
- On the growing, emerging domestic market. This market will largely
be the strategic priority of the provincial tourism authorities to compete
for.
- Focusing investment, infrastructure improvement and visitor
management programmes on i) underdeveloped areas and ii) areas that
are experiencing visitor pressures.
- Broadening and diversifying the product offering to highlight the
real African character of the destination and to include hitherto unexposed
lifestyles, cultures and history.
- Aggressively promoting entrepreneurship and community shareholding
in tourism.
- Establishing a tourist-friendly workforce and population, capable
of consistently ensuring excellent service, hospitality and safety of
visitors.
- Promoting and ensuring excellent and sustainable management of
natural and cultural resources.
Many of the programmes contained in the strategy have already commenced. I
would like to conclude by highlighting some key current initiatives:
- The amendment of the tourism act and empanelling of a new Satour
board, to lead the new promotional thrust. The new board met for the first
time yesterday, 21 April and my directive to them is to urgently
restructure and transform Satour with a view to improving professionalism,
effectiveness and efficiency and fulfilling the role of tourism as a lead
economic sector. The board is broadly representative of community
development, tourism business and enterprise and the provincial base. The
need to market our country with a new and fresh branding and image is
clearly acknowledged and we are looking forward to the board's actions to
achieve this in a dynamic fresh way. It is also acknowledged that we need
to make our own population aware of opportunities to travel their country.
Our people have been alienated from the experiences that are enjoyed by
foreigners and we need to ensure that opportunities are created for the
domestic market and discussions are currently underway with the business
sector to stimulate domestic travel.
- We have also managed to establish a spirit of partnership and joint
effort with various government departments, our provincial partners and the
private sector. The private sector has in principle agreed to co-fund
tourism initiatives, should the government be in a position to
substantially increase tourism funding. They will also work with us in
developing tourism to its fullest extent. Concerning provincial
co-ordination, we regard, as of utmost importance that South Africa does
not project a fragmented image of nine separate countries. This is why the
Satour board includes substantial provincial representation, in order for
it to serve as a forum for coherent marketing strategy formulation. The
department has recently formed a co-ordinating committee consisting of the
Department of Foreign Affairs, the Tourism Business Council, Satour and the
provinces to facilitate adequate co-ordination and communication in respect
of international promotion efforts.
- . As members of the council of the Regional Tourism
Organisation of Southern Africa (Retosa) and Executive Council members of
the World Tourism Organisation, we have been playing a pivotal role in
spearheading a regional approach to tourism promotion and focusing the
attention of the international tourism community on the unique tourism
circumstances of developing countries. These issues will be further pursed
when I travel to the Philippines next month to attend the WTO Executive
Council meeting, where a new Secretary-General will be elected.
- The formation of a task group to address the issue of safety and
security of tourists. Very good co-operation exists between the
department, the private sector and the SAPS and this has led to a number of
constructive initiatives to improve tourist safety. I would like to warn
that the biggest danger is not the situation on the ground, but the way our
own people communicate this issue to the international marketplace. The
department is currently awarding tenders for a professional communications
campaign in order to rectify wrong perceptions. We have also printed a
brochure with safety tips, that is distributed to incoming tourists and ran
a very successful meet and greet programme at the Johannesburg
international airport during the peak holiday season in order to provide
visitors with appropriate information. I shall be setting up a specific
directorate for tourist safety in the Department of Environmental Affairs
and Tourism this year to focus on security of tourists and take the fight
to the criminals.
- I regard the need for improvement of skills and service levels in
the industry as of utmost importance. We are working in close co-operation
with the Department of Labour and other tourism role-players in devising a
tourism training strategy and structure for tourism. A survey of training
needs and gaps has already been completed. We are also envisaging the
establishment of a tourism school of excellence to fill the gaps that are
not currently addressed by training providers.
- Concerning tourism development, the department has
initiated an investigation of tourism infrastructure requirements, focusing
on under-developed areas with tourism potential and those that are
experiencing visitor pressures. In this regard our first points of focus
are the Spatial Development Initiatives (SDI) areas, in particular those
with tourism potential such as the Wild Coast, Lubombo and Saldanha SDI's.
The department forms part of the management team of the SDI's and has
played a constructive role in promoting investment in these areas, while
emphasising the need for a sustainable development approach, within a
planned investment framework. I have committed myself to the SDI concept
by taking on the role of political "captain" for the Lubombo initiative.
- The promotion of entrepreneurship is another challenge. As we are
all aware, tourism has traditionally been controlled by white-owned
business concerns. Unless opportunities in the industry expand to the
broad spectrum of the population we cannot expect a culture of hospitality
and respect towards tourists to be established in the country. We are
currently working towards a situation where dedicated tourism financing
"windows" will be established in state financing corporations such as the
IDC, DBSA and Khula. Such initiatives will ensure the pinpointing of
funding at the retails level, so that potential tourism entrepreneurs will
receive the dedicated attention they deserve at the lending point. I would
hasten to add that all is not negative in this respect. We have seen a
mushrooming of tourism businesses during the past few years, ranging from
big to micro enterprises. These include tour operators, bed and
breakfasts, tour guides and community tourism lodges. I have noticed that
some innovative entrepreneurs have caught onto the opportunity of selling
bottled soil of some famous premises in Soweto !
The opportunities are endless, given the potential of the industry. But we
cannot proceed without adequate resources. As you may be aware, the
tourism budget is totally inadequate. To effectively compete in the global
marketplace with countries such as Australia (one of our key competitors),
that has a national tourism budget of slightly more than ten times the R63
million we spend on tourism promotion, is impossible. Given our additional
needs of stimulating local tourism development, we require a substantial
improvement in tourism resources.
My Ministry remains optimistic that South Africa's tourism promotion will
receive the funding it requires and we look to parliament to address this
issue so that it can be speedily resolved.
Z. Pallo Jordan
Minister
MINISTRY for ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS and TOURISM