Government Gazette

Vol. 428, No. 22076, 23 February 2000

Regulation Gazette, No. 7008

No. R. 156

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

DENTAL TECHNICIANS ACT, 1979 (ACT NO. 19 OF 1979)

REGULATIONS REGARDING THE REGISTRATION AND TRAINING OF STUDENT DENTAL TECHNICIANS AND STUDENT DENTAL TECHNOLOGISTS

The Minister of Health has, under section 50 of the Dental Technicians Act, 1979 (Act No. 19 of 1979), on the recommendation of the South African Dental Technicians Council, made the regulations in the Schedule.

SCHEDULE

Definitions

1. In these regulations any expression to which a meaning has been assigned in the Act shall bear that meaning and, unless the context indicates otherwise -

"academic board" means the highest authority at a technikon, which determines academic standards, admission requirements and examination instructions and regulates staff matters;

"advisory committee" means a committee established under regulation 5;

"B.Tech.Dent.Tech. degree" means the degree Baccalaureus Technologiae Dental Technology contemplated in regulation 18(2);

"co-operative education" means education that combines learning in the lecture room with learning in the laboratory, where academic knowledge is applied through relevant work experience outside the lecture room and the challenges and insights so gained are brought back to the lecture room for further analysis and reflection;

"education inspector" means an inspector referred to in regulation 27;

"employer" means the owner of a laboratory;

"laboratory" means a dental laboratory registered under section 30 of the Act;

"minimum standard" means -

1. the annual determined standard approved by the council on the recommendation of the education inspector, in conjunction with the education committee of the council; and
2. in regulations 29 and 30, the annual determined standard contemplated in paragraph (a) for practical education and training required by the prescribed syllabus of an approved institution or the subject Applied Dental Technology III or Dental Technology IV (Practical), as the case may be:

"National Diploma in Dental Technology" means the diploma contemplated in regulation 18(1);

"practical laboratory exposure" means training that exposes a student dental technician or student dental technologist to the laboratory in order that such student gains insight into the operations of and is exposed to the various tasks normally performed in such a laboratory and includes the active involvement of the student in such work;

"professional study" means study at an approved institution for the National Diploma in Dental Technology and the B.Tech. Dent. Tech. degree, and the expressions "professional study in dental technology" and "study in dental technology" have corresponding meanings;

"senate" means the same as "academic board";

"SERTEC" means the Certification Council for Technikon Education, established by section 2 of the Certification Council for Technikon Education Act, 1986 (Act No. 88 of 1986);

"the Act" means the Dental Technicians Act, 1979 (Act No. 19 of 1979).

Approval of training institutions

2. An application by a training institution for permission to offer or provide any education or training which is intended to qualify a person to practise the profession of dental technician or dental technologist shall be submitted by that institution to the council at least six months before the commencement of such education or training.
3. (1) A training institution shall, in support of its application, submit the following information to the council:

1. How many student dental technicians or student dental technologists can be trained simultaneously;
2. what facilities and, subject to regulation 4(2), staff are available for the practical and theoretical training of student dental technicians or student dental technologists;
3. what equipment and materials are available for such training;
4. what study material is available for the practical training of student dental technicians or student dental technologists; and
5. whether offering of the National Diploma in Dental Technology and the B.Tech. Dent.Tech. degree at the institution has been approved by the Minister of Education.

(2) On receipt of an application the council may -

1. request from the applicant or any other person any further information that it deems necessary to enable it to consider the application;
2. cause a complete inspection of the training institution concerned to be carried out by an education inspector.

4. (1) The council may determine the number of student dental technicians who may be enrolled as first-year students at an approved institution during any one year.

(2) An approved institution may employ only dental technicians or dental technologists registered with the council in the education and training of student dental technicians or student dental technologists in the subjects Dental Technology, Applied Dental Technology, Dental Material Sciences, Oral Anatomy, Tooth Morphology and Jurisprudence: Provided that Jurisprudence may be offered by the registrar and deputy registrar of the council.

5. (1) An approved institution shall establish an advisory committee, the majority of members of which consists of registered dental technicians or dental technologists who are of good standing with the council and one or more dentists registered under the Health Professions Act, 1974 (Act No. 56 of 1974), to practice that profession.

(2) The advisory committee shall advise the approved institution concerned on any matter relating to the education of student dental technicians and student dental technologists, such as admission requirements, course structuring, research, prescribed training, academic and practical standards and the way in which co-operative education can best be achieved.

6. Before an approved institution accepts a person for admission as a student dental technician, such person shall be tested by the institution by means of an aptitude test approved by the council.

7. An application for registration as a student dental technician or student dental technologist contemplated in section 19 of the Act shall be made within 90 days after the commencement of the applicant's study in dental technology: Provided that the council may grant an extension of the period.
8. (1) An application for registration as a student dental technician shall be accompanied by -

1. a certified copy of a birth certificate or, if the applicant is unable to submit a birth certificate, alternative proof of age and correct names to the satisfaction of the registrar;
2. a certificate, which is equivalent to at least the Senior Certificate (Standard Grade) of the various provinces;
3. a certificate from the approved institution concerned indicating that the applicant has commenced studies in dental technology at that institution, and indicating the year of study for which the applicant is enrolled and the date on which he or she was so enrolled; and
4. a registration fee of R50-00 (including VAT).

(2) A student dental technician shall not be registered by the council if any of the documents referred to in subregulation (1)(a), (b) or (c) have not been received by 30 April of the applicable study year.

9. An approved institution may, on the grounds of previous education or training of a student dental technician in dental technology, grant such a student exemption from studies for a specific study year.
10. (1) A student dental technician whose registration as such has expired but, who within one year thereafter, resumes his or her professional study, shall submit an application for re-registration to the council within 14 days of the resumption of his or her professional study: Provided that the council may extend the period of 14 days.

(2) An application referred to in subregulation (1) shall be accompanied by -

1. a certificate indicating that the applicant has resumed his or her professional study;
2. the original registration certificate; and
3. an amount of R50-00.

(3) Notwithstanding regulation 17, the name of a student dental technician who interrupts his or her professional study for not more than one year and who applies in writing to the council to continue his or her studies in the following year, shall not be removed from the register of student dental technicians during the interim period.

11. A person who applies for re-registration in terms of regulation 10 but who is not able to submit his or her original certificate shall apply to the council for a certified copy of his or her original registration certificate, for which a fee of R22-80 shall be payable. `
12. (1) An application for re-registration as a student dental technologist shall be accompanied by -

1. a certified copy of the National Diploma in Dental Technology of the applicant concerned, or other proof from the approved institution that the applicant has complied with the requirements for the diploma;
2. a certificate from the approved institution concerned indicating that the applicant has commenced studies for the B.Tech. Dent.Tech. degree at that institution, and the date on which he or she was so enrolled;
3. a registration fee of R50-00 (VAT inclusive).

(2) A student dental technologist shall not be registered or re-registered by the council if any of the documents referred to in subregulation (1)(a) or (b) have not been received by 30 April of the applicable study year.

13. Any application for registration or re-registration, together with the applicable documents and fees, submitted after the period of 90 days referred to in regulation 7, or the period of 14 days referred to in regulation 10(1), as the case may be, shall be subject to an additional registration fee of R20-00 for each month or portion of a month that the application is overdue.
14. No person shall be registered or re-registered unless he or she has complied with regulations 8, 10 or as the case may be, and with regulation 13, where applicable.
15. A registration certificate in a form approved by the council shall be issued to each student dental technician and student dental technologist.

16. (1) An approved institution shall, as soon as possible after 15 March of each year, submit a list to the council indicating -

1. the full names of all student dental technicians and student dental technologists enrolled at such institution on 15 March of that year;
2. the full names of all student dental technicians or student dental technologists who abandoned their studies during the preceding 12 months, the year of study concerned and, in cases where students have discontinued their professional study, the date of such discontinuation;
3. the full names of all student dental technicians or student dental technologists who temporarily abandoned their studies during the preceding 12 months, together with the reasons for such temporary abandonment and the date on which such persons anticipate resuming their studies; and
4. the full names of all student dental technicians or student dental technologists who, after temporary abandonment of their studies, resumed their studies during the preceding 12 months.

(2) Every approved institution shall notify the council within-30 days after a student dental technician has been found guilty by such an institution of misconduct in terms of the Acts or Regulations of the institution concerned, and shall furnish the council with full particulars of such conduct.

Removal of names from the register of student dental technicians or student dental technologists

17. The name of a student dental technician or student dental technologist shall be removed from the register of student dental technicians or student dental technologists kept in terms of section 20 of the Act -

1. as soon as he or she has been registered as a dental technician or dental technologist or 30 days after the registrar receives notice of the name of such student in terms of regulation 22, whichever date is earlier; or
2. as soon as evidence has been submitted to the satisfaction of the registrar that the student dental technician or student dental technologist has abandoned his or her professional study in South Africa.

Minimum curriculum for dental technology

18. (1) The period of professional study in dental technology shall be from the date of registration as a student dental technician at an approved institution until the date on which the National Diploma in Dental Technology, entitling such student dental technician to register as a dental technician, is awarded, and shall consist of at least three years' academic training at an approved institution and such practical laboratory exposure as may be determined under regulation 23.

(2) The period of further professional study in dental technology shall be from the date of registration as a student dental technologist at an approved institution until the date on which B. Tech. Dent.Tech. degree entitling such student dental technologist to register as a dental technologist, is awarded, and shall consist of at least one year of full-time academic training at an approved institution and such practical laboratory exposure as may be determined under regulation 23.

19. (1) From the first year of study all subjects shall be aimed at training in dental technology.

(2) The syllabus for professional study for the National Diploma-in Dental Technology shall consist of systematic instruction and, where applicable, practical work, and shall cover the following subjects:

1. First year of study:

Dental Technology I
Applied Dental Technology I
Dental Material Science I
Oral Anatomy I
Tooth Morphology I
Communication

2. Second year of study:

Dental Technology II
Applied Dental Technology II
Dental Material Science II
Jurisprudence

3. Third year of study:

Dental Technology III
Applied Dental Technology III
Dental Material Science III
Business Practice I

3. The syllabus for further professional study for the B.Tech. Dent.Tech. degree shall consist of systematic instruction and, where applicable, practical work, and shall cover the following subjects:

Fourth year of study:

Dental Technology IV
Dental Material Science IV
Research Methods and Techniques I
Business Practice II

Syllabus

20. The syllabus for the subjects referred to in regulation 19 shall be as set out in Annexure A.

21. (1) An approved institution shall -

1. evaluate the progress of a student dental technician or student dental technologist in respect of the subjects referred to in regulation 19(2) and (3) and conduct the examinations in those subjects in accordance with the rules framed by the academic board of such institution as approved by the council; and
2. at the end of the different periods contemplated in regulation 18(1) and (2) examine the student dental technician or student dental technologist by means of a practical examination in dental technology in accordance with the rules framed by the academic board of such institution as approved by the council.

(2) A student dental technician shall not be permitted to continue with Dental Technology II, III or IV or Dental Material Science II, III or IV or Applied Dental Technology II or III unless he or she has passed the preceding level.

(3) A student dental technician or student dental technologist shall receive recognition from the academic board or senate of an approved training institution for a subject when he or she has passed the examination in such subject in accordance with these regulations.

(4) A student dental technician will not be allowed to complete a three-year National Diploma in Dental Technology in more than five years and a student dental technologist will not be allowed to complete a B.Tech.Dent.Tech. degree in more than two years.

(5) If a student dental technician fails his or her first year of study, he or she shall be permitted by the council to continue with his or her National Diploma in Dental Technology if -

1. he or she applies for re-registration in the following year, together with other new applicants; and
2. his or her application is successful.

(6) A student dental technician shall not be admitted to the examination at the end of his or her third year of study unless he or she -

1. has completed a first-aid course recognised by the council: and
2. is in possession of a certificate issued by a first-aid organisation recognised by the council, from which it appears that the student dental technician has completed the course.

(7) Subject to the conditions laid down by the council, the Department of Education and SERTEC, every approved institution shall have the right to prescribe its own rules regarding theoretical and practical evaluation of student dental technicians or student dental technologists.

22. An approved institution shall, on or before 31 December of each year, furnish the registrar in writing with the name of each student dental technician and student dental technologist at such institution who has complied with the requirements for the National Diploma in Dental Technology and the B.Tech.Dent.Tech. degree, respectively.

23. (1) An approved institution, in collaboration with the advisory committee, shall determine at what stage and for what period a student dental technician or student dental technologist must undergo practical laboratory exposure.

(2) (a) For purposes of subregulation (1), an owner of a laboratory shall not employ a student dental technician or student dental technologist unless such dental laboratory is registered and has obtained written approval from the approved institution.

(b) An approval contemplated in paragraph (a) shall not be issued unless the approved institution is satisfied that proper practical training as a student dental technologist or student dental technician, as the case may be, will be conducted at such registered laboratory.

(3) An approved institution, in collaboration with the advisory committee, shall ensure that the proficiency acquired through practical laboratory exposure and other practical work, together with academic training, is sufficient for a student dental technician or student technologist to be employed as a dental technician or dental technologist, as the case may be.

(4) (a) Notwithstanding regulation 19, a student dental technologist shall be trained in general dental laboratory management, which shall form an integral part of his or her academic training.

(b) The subjects Dental Technology IV and Business Practice II shall form the basis of training of student dental technologists in general dental laboratory management.

• National Diploma in Dental Technology

24. (1) An approved institution shall award the National Diploma in Dental Technology to a student dental technician if the student has passed the examinations prescribed for that diploma and otherwise complied with the requirements determined by the academic board of that institution for the diploma.

(2) The National Diploma in Dental Technology shall be recognised by the council as a qualification which entitles the holder thereof to registration as a dental technician in terms of section 22 of the Act.

(3) A dental technician shall be entitled to practise his or her profession in the capacity of an employee only and may not supervise a dental laboratory.

• B.Tech.Dent.Tech. degree

25. (1) An approved institution shall award the B. Tech. Dent. Tech. degree to a student dental technologist if the student has passed the examinations prescribed for that degree and otherwise complied with the requirements determined by the academic board of that institution for the degree.

(2) The B. Tech. Dent.Tech. degree shall be recognised by the council as the qualification which entitles the holder thereof to registration as a dental technologist in terms of section 22 of the Act.

(3) A dental technologist shall be entitled to practice his or her profession in the capacity of an employee or an employer.

26. The council shall appoint an external moderator and four external examiners (one from each of the disciplines Complete Dentures, Removable Partial Denture, Fixed Prosthodontics and Orthodontics) from the profession of dental technology to assist with the evaluation of the final practical examination referred to in regulation 21(1)(b).

27. (1) In order to enable the council to determine whether the minimum standard at an approved institution is being met and whether the evaluation is effective as a means of determining the competence of the students concerned, the council may annually at its first meeting appoint one or more dental technicians or dental technologists as education inspectors to carry out investigations into such matters at approved institutions and to report to the council thereon.

(2) The fees and allowances payable to an education inspector for the performance of his or her functions shall be the same as those payable to a member of the council.

Investigation into education and training at approved institution

28. (1) An education inspector may be present whenever the approved institution concerned conducts an examination in respect of academic progress made by student dental technicians or student dental technologists and may investigate any matter concerned with the education of such students, and shall report to the council on such examination or investigation.

(2) An investigation shall not be carried out by an education inspector unless -

1. the council has decided that an investigation is to be carried out at a specific institution; or
2. an institution requests the council, in writing, to cause an investigation to be carried out.

(3) The examination or matter in connection with which the education inspector submits a report shall be mentioned specifically in the report.

(4) The education inspector shall declare in his or her report whether or not in his or her opinion the minimum standard for education and training as prescribed by the council is being maintained, and whether the evaluation is effective as a means of determining the competence of student dental technicians or student dental technologists, and he or she shall attach any other evaluation reports, question papers, memoranda, work models, examples of completed tasks or any other documents or observations relevant to the report.

(5) The education officer shall submit his or her report to the registrar within one month of the completion of the investigation.

(6) The registrar shall submit the report to the education committee of the council which, if it is of the opinion that the report is lacking in any respect, may order that the education inspector submit an amended or additional report.

(7) The report shall thereafter be submitted to the Academic Vice Rector of the approved institution concerned for comment, and the comment shall be furnished within one month of receipt of the report.

(8) The report and the comment, if any, of the approved institution concerned, shall be submitted to the education committee of the council for it's first meeting thereafter or a special meeting convened for this purpose.

(9) If the education committee of the council is of the opinion that the report reveals deficiencies in the education and training or in the evaluation of the competence of student dental technicians or student dental technologists, the committee shall report to the council accordingly and the council may take such steps as it deems necessary to ensure that the deficiencies are remedied.

Evaluation of final practical examination question paper, work models and examples of completed tasks

29. For purposes of the final examination of the National Diploma in Dental Technology and the B.Tech.Dent.Tech. degree, the practical examination question paper, work models and examples of completed tasks shall be approved by the council in accordance with the following procedure:

1. An approved institution shall send the following items to the registrar by registered post on or before 15 August of the particular year:

1. A copy of the final practical examination paper;
2. work models;
3. examples of completed tasks; and
4. a copy of the practical year syllabus.

2. The registrar shall send the items referred to in paragraph (a) to the education inspector on or before 20 August of that year.
3. The education inspector shall consider the items referred to in paragraph (a) and shall advise the council in his or her report (in the form contained in Annexure B) whether, in his or her opinion, the minimum standard has been met.
4. If the education inspector is of the opinion that the minimum standard has not been met, the education inspector shall make the necessary suggestions for changes in his or her report.
5. The education inspector shall submit his or her report and the items referred to in paragraph (a) to the registrar on or before 10 September of that year and the registrar shall submit the report and items to the education committee of the council for consideration.
6. The registrar shall inform the relevant department of an approved institution of the conclusion reached by the education committee and, where applicable, of the suggestions made by that committee.
7. An approved institution whose question paper does not comply with the minimum standard shall submit a new or revised practical examination question paper, together with work models and examples of completed tasks, to the registrar before 30 September of that year.
8. The registrar shall submit the items referred to in paragraph (g) to the education inspector on or before 5 October of that year.

9. The education inspector shall submit a new report (in the form contained in Annexure B) and the items referred to in paragraph (g) to the registrar before 15 October of that year, stating in the report whether, in his or her opinion, the new or revised items comply with the minimum standard.

10. The registrar shall submit the new report and new or revised items to the education committee of the council for consideration.

11. If the education committee of the council is of the opinion that the report referred to in paragraph (i) reveals that the minimum standard is not being met, or that the approved institution failed to comply with the dates referred to in paragraphs (a) and (g), the committee shall report to the council accordingly and the council may take such steps as it may deem necessary.
12. The onus shall be on the approved institution or the council or the education inspector, as the case may be, to provide proof that documents, models and examples have been dispatched.

30. (1) The education inspector shall, if the council so directs, be present for such period as the council may determine at the final practical examinations for the National Diploma in Dental Technology and the B. Tech. Dent. Tech. degree conducted by an approved institution.

(2) The education inspector shall declare in his or her report to the council contemplated in regulation 27(1) whether in his or her opinion -

1. the practical examinations were an effective and valid means of evaluating the students concerned;
2. the practical examinations were completed in a manner consistent with the minimum standard; and
3. the practical examination tasks were of such a standard as to show that the students concerned are able to practise the profession of dental technician or dental technologist, as the case may be.

(3) For purposes of subregulation (2), the education inspector shall complete the forms contained in Annexures C and D as part of his or her report contemplated in regulation 27(1), whereupon the following procedure shall be applicable:

1. The education inspector shall submit his or her report to the registrar not later than 31 December that year.
2. The registrar shall submit the report to the education committee of the council which, if the report is lacking in any respect, may order that the education inspector submit an amended or additional report.
3. The report, together with the amended or additional report shall, if necessary, be submitted to the Rector of the approved institution concerned for comment, who shall respond within one month of receipt of the report.
4. The report and the response contemplated in paragraph (c), if any, shall be submitted to the education committee of the council for its first meeting thereafter or, if necessary, for a special meeting convened for that purpose.

(4) The moderator and examiners appointed in terms of regulation 26 shall as soon as possible after each final practical examination submit a report to the council -

1. regarding the marks achieved by each student dental technician or student dental technologist concerned; and
2. on how the practical examination was conducted, the standard of the completed tasks produced during such examination and any other matter which in their opinion should be brought to the council's attention.

(5) (a) If the education committee of the council is of the opinion that the examination results of the practical examination, taken as a whole, do not at least reflect the minimum standard or that the conditions under which the examination was conducted were unacceptable or if the results of the approved institution reveals irregularities or inconsistencies, as reflected in the form contained in Annexure D, such committee shall report to the council accordingly and the council shall take such steps against the approved institution as it may deem necessary.

(b) If the council is of the view that the examination results of the practical examination, taken as a whole, do not at least reflect the minimum standard, the council may request one or more particular students to be re-examined by the approved institution as a condition for his or her registration as a dental technician or dental technologist, as the case may be.

31. Any owner of a laboratory who fails to comply with regulation 23(2) shall be guilty of an offence and upon conviction liable to a fine not exceeding R1 000-00.

Repeal

32. The regulations published under Government Notice No. R 2309 of 16 October 1987, as amended by Government Notices Nos. R. 2688 of 8 December 1989, R. 3155 of 27 December 1991 and R. 173 of 6 February 1998, are hereby repealed.

ANNEXURE A

(Regulation 20)

FIRST YEAR

APPLIED DENTAL TECHNOLOGY I

Edentulous and partial, edentulous removable non-metalic prosthetics
Applicable health and safety awareness
Maintenance of work area
Understanding current clinical dental terminology
Analysis and evaluation of job prescriptions
Casting and trimming primary models
Casting and trimming final models
Manufacturing special trays
Manufacturing bite blocks
Articulation
Setting up teeth for try-in
Functional festooning
Processing and finishing prostheses
Repairing of dentures
Performing primary quality control
Executing loss control

DENTAL TECHNOLOGY THEORY I

Applicable health and safety measures
Dental terminology
Models
Impression trays
Bite registration
Artificial tooth arrangement
Functional festooning
Processing and finishing dentures
Repairs

DENTAL MATERIAL SCIENCE I

Fundamental and applied physics and chemistry
Gypsum
Impression materials
Separating media
Denture base materials
Impression tray materials
Waxes
Repair materials
Cutting, abrasion and polishing materials
Artificial tooth materials

ORAL ANATOMY I

Terminology
Histology
Tissue studies
Human skull
Oral cavity
Muscles of the head and neck
Oral mucosa
Anatomical changes with loss of teeth
Tooth and supportive structures
Tongue, lip and cheek systems
Temporomandibular joint
Mandibular movements
Salivary glands
Periodontium
Jaws
Nerve and blood supply

TOOTH MORPHOLOGY I

Terminology
Modeling and sketch of permanent teeth
Natural occlusion
Primary dentition
Permanent dentition

COMMUNICATION I

Communication skills and professionalism
Demonstrating assertive behaviour
Demonstrating confidence in speaking
Appropriate and effective body language
Demonstrating active listening
Writing skills
Reading skills
Effective communication
Self-image and interpersonal relations
Conflict resolution skills
Negotiations
Knowledge and application of intercultural communication
Communication through laboratory prescription card
Efficiency in current clinical dental terminology

SECOND YEAR

APPLIED DENTAL TECHNOLOGY II

Applied health and safety measures
Maintenance of work area
Performing primary quality control
Executing loss control

Analysing and evaluating job prescriptions
Casting and trimming primary models
Manufacturing special trays
Casting and trimming final models
Manufacturing bite blocks
Duplicating models
Selection, shade and shape of artificial teeth
Re-setting of artificial teeth for try-in
Transparent palate
Soft base
Strengtheners
Remodeling
Rebase
Placement of ID bands
Manufacturing and placing inlays in dentures

Understanding current clinical dental terminology
Surveying models
Clasps
Lingual bars

Understanding current clinical dental terminology
Analysing and evaluating job prescriptions
Manufacturing diagnostic models
Manufacturing working models
Articulation
Manufacturing functional full-metal single units
Finishing and polishing metal restorations
Manufacturing intra-coronal restorations
Soldering
Determining tooth colour
Application of aesthetic materials
Finishing and polishing aesthetic materials

Understanding current clinical dental terminology
Manufacturing working models
Manufacturing gnathostatic models
Articulation
Planning and design
Manufacturing passive appliances
Manufacturing active appliances
Applicable repairs

DENTAL TECHNOLOGY THEORY II

Terminology
Models
Special trays
Bite registration
Duplicating
Selection of artificial teeth
Setup of teeth
Occlusal concepts of full dentures
Articulation of full dentures
Fixed-angle moveable condyle articulator
Re-setup of teeth for retry
Processing variations for complete dentures
Inlays for artificial teeth

Surveying
Design and construction of partial dentures
Clasps and retention

Terminology
Diagnostic models
Working models and dies
Occlusion
Articulation
Principles of preparation
Pattern development
Single units
Intra-coronal restorations
Shade determination
Soldering
Repairs
Aesthetic materials

Terminology
Orthodontic models
Articulation
Eruption times for orthodontic appliances
Orthodontic tooth movement
Primary dentition
Secondary dentition
Orthodontic classification
Planning, design and construction of removable orthodontic appliances
Retention
Anchorage
Active components
Passive components
Repairs

DENTAL MATERIAL SCIENCE II

Fundamental and applied Physics and Chemistry
Duplicating materials
Denture rebase materials
Wrought metal alloys
Alternative denture materials
Metal alloys
Refractory materials
Soldering and welding
Electrogalvanic processes
Die materials
Prefabricated pattern materials
Aesthetic materials
Tarnishing and corrosion
Electropolishing
Alternative model materials

JURISPRUDENCE I

Dental Technicians Act, 1979 (Act No. 19 of 1979) and Regulations
Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993)
Basic Conditions of Employment Act, 1997 (Act No. 75 of 1997)
Labour Relations Act, 1995 (Act No. 66 of 1995)
Manpower Training Act, 1981 (Act No. 56 of 1981)
Unemployment Insurance Act, 1966 (Act No. 30 of 1966)
Employment Equity Act, 1998 (Act No. 55 of 1998)
Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act, 1993 (Act No. 130 of 1993)
Legal requirements and regulations for partnerships, close corporations and firms
Adherence to moral standards
Professional ethics code
Loyalty to the organisation and the profession
Professional image

THIRD YEAR

APPLIED DENTAL TECHNOLOGY III

Applied health and safety measures
Maintenance of work area
Performing primary quality control
Executing loss control

Edentulous and partial edentulous removable non-metallic prosthetics

Understanding current clinical dental terminology
Analysing and evaluating job prescriptions
Casting and trimming primary models
Manufacturing special trays
Casting and trimming final models
Manufacturing bite blocks
Duplicate models
Articulation
Denture base colouring
Duplicate dentures
Manufacturing overlay dentures
Manufacturing splints, stents and surgical templates

Understanding current clinical dental terminology
Analysing and evaluating job prescriptions
Articulate models
Planning and design
Surveying of models
Manufacturing backings and occlusal restorations
Soldering and welding
Repairs and additions

Manufacturing temporary restorations and diagnostic wax-up
Casting of refractory models
Multiple units
Preparation of metal substructures
Soldering and welding
Repair of fixed prosthetics

Evaluating job prescriptions
Manufacturing habit preventors and mouthguards
Manufacturing biteplate and occlusal protectors
Manufacturing functional appliances
Soldering and welding
Manufacturing space maintainers

Applied health and safety measures
Maintenance of work area
Performing primary quality control
Executing loss control

Terminology
Models
Articulation on a semi-adjustable articulator
Inserting gum tinting: natural and artificial pigmentation
Denture duplication
Immediate dentures
Overlay dentures
Splints, stents and surgical templates

Terminology
Design
Repairs and additions to metal dentures

Temporary restorations
Diagnostic setups
Multiple units
Soldering and welding

Terminology
Habit preventors
Space maintainers
Soldering and welding
Mouthguards
Treatment of TM joint problems

DENTAL MATERIAL SCIENCE III

Fundamental and Applied Physics and Chemistry
Materials for temporary crowns
Aesthetic materials
Metal cast alloys
Heat treatment
Thermoplastic materials
Evaluation of journals, articles and assignments
Evaluation of applicable scientific publications

BUSINESS PRACTICE I

Effective time utilisation
Setting up and maintaining administrative systems
Application of applicable software programs
Developing and using interactive skills
Establishing and promoting employer/employee relationships
Establishing goals (self and organisation)
Problem-solving and decision-making
Conflict management
Negotiation skills
Crisis management
Assertive behavior

FOURTH YEAR

DENTAL TECHNOLOGY IV

Applied health and safety measures
Maintenance of work area
Performing primary quality control
Executing loss control

Manufacturing obturators
Applying precision attachments and combination work
Constructing prostheses on implants
Manufacturing maxillofacial prostheses

Understanding current clinical dental terminology
Using and maintaining applicable equipment
Using applicable materials
Manufacturing combination appliances with precision attachments
Planning and design

Milling and place attachments
Combination work
Manufacturing combination appliances

Advanced spring-type orthodontic appliances
Manufacturing functional appliances
Manufacturing combination appliances

• All of the above must be practiced during intensive training sessions.

Biological response to dental materials
Environmental health
Implant materials
Maxillofacial materials

BUSINESS PRACTICE II

Establishing objectives and planning strategically for entire organization
Financial systems
Operating systems
Human resources
Marketing systems
Procurement systems
Quality control systems
Loss control systems
Effective time management
Applicable software packages
Designing a dental laboratory
Developing and using interactive skills
Employer/employee relationship
Establishing objects (self and organization)
Problem-solving and decision-making
Conflict management
Motivation
Meeting management
Crisis management
Client relations
Market research
Assess economic viability
Creative and innovative thinking
Developing marketing
Presenting business plans
Developing organisational networks
Effective advertising
Communication through lab slips

RESEARCH METHODS AND TECHNIQUES I

Defining and discussing the term "research"
Characteristics of research
The difference between formal and informal research
Understanding and describing the research process
The difference between Technikon and university research
The concepts tegnology vs. science and technologist vs. scientist
The difference between a project, a dissertation and a thesis
The tools of research
Identify researchable problems
Identify subproblems, set hypotheses, delimitations and assumptions
The working relationship with a supervisor and promotor
Conducting a review of related literature
Planning a research proposal
Differentiating between various research methods
Presenting a research proposal
Presenting and interpreting data
Values and ethics in research