The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) is an assessment of the mathematics and science knowledge of fourth grade and eighth grade learners around the world. The study was developed by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) to allow participating countries to compare learners’ educational achievement across borders. The main aim of the TIMSS study is to determine the nature and extent of learner achievement as well as understand the context in which it occurs. The goal is to determine the factors linked
to learning that could impact policy.

TIMSS Numeracy (TIMSS-N) was introduced in 2015 to assess the foundational mathematical knowledge, procedures and problem-solving strategies of learners at the end of primary school. TIMSS-N asks learners to answer questions and work out problems similar to those posed in TIMSS, except that easier numbers and more straightforward procedures are used. TIMSS-N is designed to assess mathematical knowledge in Grades 4, 5 or 6 for countries where most children are still developing foundational mathematical skills. The TIMSS-N results are reported on the TIMSS Mathematics scale.