In late April 2015, South Sudan’s government forces—the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (the “SPLA”)—and allied armed militia began a multi-pronged military campaign in oil-producing Unity state, against territory at that time under the control of the rebel Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army-In Opposition (the “IO”). The opposition has been engaged in an armed conflict with the government since December 2013 and Unity state has seen much of the fiercest fighting with both sides launching major attacks on towns and other key positions.

Report by Human Rights Watch