Section 6 of the Competition Amendment Act, No 1 of 2009 (Amendment), which came into effect on 1 April 2013, formalised the powers of the Competition Commission (Commission) to conduct market inquiries. The Amendment Act empowers the Commission to conduct market inquiries in respect of "the general state of competition in a market for particular goods or services, without necessarily referring to the conduct or activities of any particular named firm". As its name suggests, a market inquiry is a broad investigation into the state of competition in a market, as opposed to a narrow investigation into the conduct of specific market participants.

Against this background, the first market inquiry under the Amendment Act has been formally announced by the Commission. The inquiry is one into the private healthcare sector, which comprises the portion of healthcare services that are funded by private patients themselves (either through medical aid schemes, insurance or 'out-of-pocket' payments). In embarking upon this inquiry, the Commission has indicated that it seeks to investigate the factors that have a distortive impact on competition in the market. In investigating the competitive dynamics that characterise the private healthcare market, the Commission will also consider a range of inter-related markets, including healthcare financing and healthcare goods (medical devices and pharmaceutical products).

The rationale for the initiation of the private healthcare market inquiry appears to be alleged prohibitive pricing and above-inflation increases in prices and expenditure. The inquiry seeks to investigate the factors that drive price formulation, seeking to not only identify competition concerns that impact on price, but also regulatory failures. The end goal is to furnish recommendations as to:

• Ways in which pro-competitive outcomes in the market can be achieved; and
• policy  and regulatory mechanisms that can be implemented to bolster the accessibility, affordability  and quality of private healthcare services.

As required under the Amendment Act, the Commission has published its terms of reference for the intended market inquiry. The Commission commenced the inquiry on 6 January 2014 with the scheduled completion date being 30 November 2015. Details regarding the administrative phases of the inquiry and guidelines for participation will be published by the Commission in due course.

The healthcare inquiry will be led by a panel consisting of retired Chief Justice Sandile Ngcobo (Chairperson); Professor Sharon Fonn; Dr Ntuthuko Bhengu; Dr Lungiswa Nkonki and Mr Cornelis van Gent.

Written by Lerisha Naidu, Senior Associate, Competition Practice, Cliffe Dekker Hofmeyr