Biodiversity underpins the functioning of the ecosystems on which we depend for food and fresh water, health and recreation, and protection from natural disasters. Its loss also affects us culturally and spiritually.Current trends are bringing us closer to a number of potential tipping points that would catastrophically reduce the capacity of ecosystems to provide these essential services.The Convention on Biological Diversity's Global Biodiversity Outlook-3 contains sobering facts and figures, while pin pointing several key reasons as to why the challenge of conserving and indeed enhancing biodiversity remains unmet.